Scientific and Technical Research Central Unit
It
assumes
the
functions
related
to
scientific
and
technical
research
and
quality
control,
as
well
as
relations
with
other
organizations
and
institutions,
both
national
and international, in matters of forensic science.
At present, three fundamental areas can be highlighted in its activity:
Quality System:
Preparation
of
standardized
procedures
in
all
areas
of
Forensic
Science,
in
accordance
with
internationally
defined
standards
for
the
determination
of
the
competence
and
technical
validity
of
the
Laboratory's
activities
(UNE
EN
ISO
/
IEC
17025:
2005)
and
for
the
operation
of
different
types
of
organizations
that
carry
out
the inspection (UNE-EN ISO / IEC 17020: 2004).
It
is
also
the
competent
Unit
for
dialogue
with
the
National
Accreditation
Entity
(ENAC)
which
coordinates
the
participation
of
experts
from
the
General
Headquarters
of
Forensic
Science
Police
in
activities
related
to
quality
in
other
forensic laboratories.
International & Institutional Relations:
Responsible
for
coordinating
the
institutional
activity,
both
National
and
International,
of
the
General
Headquarters
of
Forensic
Science
Police
with
different
organizations
such
as
ENFSI,
Interpol,
Europol
or
AICEF
(Ibero-American
Academy
of Criminal and Forensic Studies).
Currently
working
on
twinning
projects
with
Turkey
and
Argelia
and
in
a
cooperation programme with SICA (SUBUD International Cultural Association).
R + D + i
Promotion
of
research,
development
and
innovation
in
collaboration
with
Universities and active participation in European projects.
UNITS
Operational Coordination Central Unit
Besides coordinating the regional groups is divided into two working areas:
Crime Scene Investigation:
It
carries
out
its
work
throughout
the
national
territory
regarding
terrorism,
fires,
violent crime and organized crime.
Participates
with
the
Identification
Techniques
Section,
in
the
identification
of
victims in Major Catastrophes.
Image Technology:
It
is
responsible
of
making
photographic
reports
in
Ocular
Inspections,
the
graphic
capture
of
fingerprints
and
the
immediate
digital
treatment
process.
Likewise,
it
performs the 3D reconstruction of crime scenes that are very useful for the Courts.
Identification Central Unit
Divided into three different areas:
Lofoscopy identification:
In
charge
of
comparing
the
fingerprints
revealed
at
the
crime
scene
with
those
stored
in
the
police
database
by
making
the
corresponding
expert's
report.
It
is
the national access point with Eurodac for asylum seekers.
AFIS:
It
facilitates
the
identification
of
the
person
under
arrest
and
stores
the
lofoscopic
evidence
collected
in
the
crime
scene.
Thus,
they
carry
out
the
same
functions
of
training
specialists
and
maintain
international
relations
within
the
framework
of
the Prüm Convention.
Identification techniques:
It
applies
different
techniques
related
to
identifying
the
possible
perpetrators
of
crimes
such
as
face
recognition
and
facial
sketch,
as
well
as
bodies,
dating
the
date
of
death
through
forensic
entomology
or
regenerating
the
papillary
crests.
In
charge of controlling the database of missing persons and unidentified bodies.
Scientific Analysis Central Unit
Chemical & Toxicological Analysis:
Different
work
areas
are
framed,
where
we
are
able
to
analyze
different
material
of
different
nature,
such
as
fibres,
pieces
of
glass,
paintings,
toxic
substances
,
explosives,
gunshot
residues,
fire
accelerants,...
with
the
aim
of
linking
the
author
of
a
crime
with
its
victim,
or
with
the
place,
or
with
the
objects
of
the
crime.
DNA analysis:
The
DNA-Biology
Laboratory-
Mitochondrial
DNA,
nuclear
DNA
and
Y
chromosome,
studies
and
analyses
all
types
of
evidence
of
biological
origin,
collected during the commission of criminal offences.
Criminal Central Unit
It
analyzes
the
items
found
in
the
crime
scene
and
compares
them
with
those
stored
in
their
corresponding
databases
in
order
to
draw
up
the
expert's
report.
It
is divided into:
Documentoscopy:
They
carry
out
studies
of
forgery
of
documents,
clothing,
jewelry
and
works
of
art, as well as the handwriting analysis, including the terrorist field.
Forensic Acoustics:
They
analyze
the
sound
and
identify
the
perpetrator
of
a
crime
by
their
voice,
or
assist
the
Justice
by
establishing
identity
parades
when
the
victim
has
not
been
able
to
see
the
perpetrator.
It
also
makes
a
profile
of
the
offender
according
to
his
language
in
what
is
called
"voice
passport"
to
help
his
location
and
subsequent
arrest.
Forensic Ballistics:
They
analyze
both
the
weapon
and
the
ballistic
elements
in
order
to
determine
the
type
of
weapon
involved
in
a
criminal
act,
their
relationship
and
their
involvement
in
other
criminal
offences.
In
the
same
way,
they
study
the
mechanics of the weapon and determine the bullet trajectory.
Within
this
area,
there
is
the
Instrumental
Traces
department
where
they
analyze
and
compare
all
kinds
of
marks
found
such
as
footprints,
tires
or
those
left
by
tools.
IT Forensic:
Recovers
and
analyzes
the
information
stored
in
all
types
of
digital
support,
preserving
its
integrity
through
duplicating
and
blocking
the
alteration
of
the
information under analysis.
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